1. PhD Thesis Proposal Form China Scholarship Council (CSC) CHEMISTRY – CHEMICAL BIOLOGY. Thesis title: Enzyme-responsive probes releasing a fluorescent precipitate SOAS China Institute Recently Completed PhD Thesis. Recently completed PhD theses with a regional focus on China. Academic Year. Related Information. Completed PhD Thesis ; Completed PhD Thesis ; Completed PhD Thesis PhD Study in China – A Guide for As the world’s second largest economy, it’s no surprise that China also possesses a rapidly developing higher education system. This is reflected in excellent opportunities for international PhD students. China is a key member of the BRICS group of countries with fast-growing economies (Brazil, Russia, India, China and South Africa) and is home to some of the
Chinese Ph.D. Dissertations | Department of East Asian Languages and Literature
Photograph Source: Charles Hutchins — CC BY 2. One of the very earliest scientific papers from the COVID pandemic era now has over 11, citations. Appearing in the scientific journal Nature on February 3rdZhou et al. Its senior author was leading coronavirus researcher Zheng-li Shi of the Wuhan Phd thesis on china of Virology the WIV.
Along with what we now call SARS-CoV-2, phd thesis on china, her paper also reported the genome sequence of a closely related The authors called this virus RaTG To this day RaTG13 is still the closest known viral genome by far to SARS-CoV In one sense, there is nothing unusual about that.
Researchers often have old samples phd thesis on china away and the WIV has the largest collection of coronaviruses in the world. On the other hand, Wuhan is considered an unlikely locality for a coronavirus outbreak. However, the two sentences in Zhou et al.
Consequently, a lab leak involving RaTG13 was implausible. But all these inferences turned out to be untrue. Zhou et al. In Augusttwo researchers, Monali Rahalkar and Rahul Bahulikar, published a preprint in which they reported that they had accessed the underlying sequencing files for RaTG As first noticed by Twitter user Francisco A. de Ribeira, some phd thesis on china dated from and others from Moreover, these early RaTG13 sequences went phd thesis on china beyond a short fragment, encompassing most of the genome Rahalkar and Bahulikar, a, phd thesis on china.
In November Nature published an addendum to Zhou et al. in which Zheng-li Shi and her co-authors conceded these points, phd thesis on china.
They wrote:. Thus the RaTG13 genome sequence was mostly deciphered in and not in January Ergo, the viral genome most similar to SARS-CoV-2 was being studied at the WIV before the pandemic broke out.
By the time of these revelations, yet other questions had arisen about RaTG In other words, from the data provided, the two were indistinguishable. Their discoverers concluded the following:. Yet the discovery of this publication trail only deepened the mystery yet further. Though never mentioned by Ge et al. In Apriljust two and a half months before the first WIV sampling trip, phd thesis on china, six miners had become sick and three of them had died.
Indeed, the mine outbreak was presumably why the WIV researchers were sampling there and the Zhou et al. addendum later confirmed this. Its abstract specifically mentions a possible outbreak of SARS-like coronaviruses. The translation yielded a cornucopia of information. This began with the fact that the author of the thesis was the doctor who supervised the testing and treatment of the miners at the First Affiliated hospital of Kunming Medical University Yunnan Province.
This implied that the mystery disease probably originated from bats. That, along with various test results and consultations led the author to conclude that the most likely cause of the outbreak was a coronavirus.
But perhaps most startling of all the findings to emerge from the translation was that the symptoms of the miners closely resembled those of COVID Rahalkar and Bahulikar, b, phd thesis on china. Why did the Ge et al.
Why did Zheng-li Shi tell Scientific American in March that the miners died of a fungal infection? Why did her Zhou et al. Especially, given that Zheng-li Shi and her corona-colleagues in China and elsewhere have constantly phd thesis on china of coronavirus phd thesis on china from bats e. Are we to presume that an apparent textbook case of a zoonotic spillover, phd thesis on china, significant enough at the time to be covered by Science magazinewas in the end simply ignored?
So many interrelated errors and omissions present a conundrum. Are these concatenated oversights simply innocent happenstances? Is there something about the mine or the miners of deep significance to the current pandemic?
If so, what? Given that the broader context of the pandemic origin is the failure of a plausible zoonotic origin scenario to emerge Quay, ; Segreto et al. The theory was stimulated chiefly by two observations. The first was that some of the miners with the mystery disease were ill for about five months April to September, What we proposed, in short, is that the miners contracted one, phd thesis on china maybe multiple, phd thesis on china, RaTGlike bat coronaviruses in the mine.
The long hospitalization of the miners enabled the initial bat virus to evolve into a human coronavirus by providing conditions similar to extended viral passaging.
The diagnostic samples sent to the WIV therefore contained a humanised virus and we proposed it was similar, or even identical, to SARS-CoV Virus isolation, phd thesis on china, or virus culture in human or other cells, or perhaps even Gain-of-Function type experiments, then permitted this virus to later escape from the WIV in late Given all this, a very significant unresolved question becomes: What tests were done on the samples taken from the miners and sent to the WIV?
What were the results? The answers are important not only for the Mojiang Miners Passage theory but also for other explanations of the pandemic origin. For example, other lab escape theories have proposed that RaTG13 or a similar unpublished genome was the likely backbone for Gain-of-Function research see Sirotkin and Sirotkin, ; Segreto and Deigin, ; Segreto et al.
But it is also possible that a virus extracted from the miners was the starting point. Nanshan Zhong advised SARS testing and samples from four miners were therefore sent to the WIV. These tested positive for coronavirus in an IgM antibody test See Fig. In their November addendum Zheng-li Shi and her colleagues at the WIV confirmed receiving thirteen serum samples—taken at approximately monthly intervals in —from four of the hospitalised miners. But here there is a major discrepancy.
Referring to the miner serum samples, the addendum states:. We also tested the serum samples for the presence of antibodies against the nucleocapsid proteins of these three viruses, and none of the samples gave a positive result. The implication is that, though various tests were performed at the WIV, SARS-CoV-2 was not found and no evidence for any other coronavirus was found either. The difference between these two positions is crucial. This is because every possible effort would surely have been made to identify it, grow it in cultured human cells, sequence its genome, characterise its infectivity, and much more, phd thesis on china.
There are two primary reasons for this. First, discovering a coronavirus infection in the miners would triumphantly vindicate the basic research premise of Zheng-li Shi and the WIV. Their pitch is that bat coronaviruses are phd thesis on china pathogens that may at any moment jump to humans and other animals. Second, a novel coronavirus in the miners would represent a veritable research bonanza: a highly lethal zoonotic disease outbreak caught in the act. This then is the background to our interest in any credible document containing further evidence that the research trail from the miners did not go cold after the outbreak, phd thesis on china.
For many months, a scientific document has been shared on the internet that appears to shed much light on the fate of samples taken from the mine and the miners, as well as the broader context. It is a translation of a Chinese PhD thesis originally written in Download the Chinese PhD thesis here. The author of this thesis is Canping Huang, who was a student of Gao Fu. Gao Fu is an important virologist known in the West as George Gao. The direct relevance of the Canping Huang thesis, however, is that the author is one of relatively few researchers documented to have sampled the Mojiang mine for bat viruses.
Previously, phd thesis on china provisional and partial translation of this thesis was generated, using Google translate, by the previously mentioned Francisco A. de Ribera, phd thesis on china. Using this earlier version as a guide, we have organised a professional and expanded translation. This new version focuses on the parts of the thesis most relevant to the origin story of SARS-CoV-2; in particular, Chapter 3 titled: Initial investigation of the causes of unexplained severe pneumonia incidents related to an abandoned mining cave found in Mojiang Hani Autonomous County, Yunnan Province.
The Canping Huang thesis substantiates several aspects of the Mojiang Miners Phd thesis on china theory. But perhaps the most significant of all its statements is that samples from four of the miners were tested at the WIV for IgG antibodies against the SARS virus.
According to the PhD see Fig. The logical interpretation of an IgG antibody test for SARS giving a positive result in is that the miners were infected with a coronavirus, presumably a SARS-related one.
It is highly unlikely, however, that the miners had SARS itself, since the SARS virus had not been observed since Moreover, the original SARS outbreak was in Guangdong province, far from the Mojiang mine. Thus, the miners presumably were infected with a virus similar, but not identical to, SARS, i.
a novel coronavirus. According to Canping Huang, of the four miners:. Furthermore, a PhD is a peer-reviewed document. It has to be accepted by the supervisor and a committee. Indeed, phd thesis on china, in an interview with French TV atGeorge Gao was asked about the antibody tests of the miners and he confirmed the positive tests.
Since it is not easy to dismiss, this assertion of multiple positive tests is a fact of great significance. As we and phd thesis on china have suggested, it seems likely that the miners had COVID-like symptoms because they were infected with a SARS-like coronavirus. However, although it purports to resolve the issues, the addendum is a complete mismatch with the questions raised by either thesis.
Secondly, the addendum does not mention a SARS test. It mentions instead two different tests for SARSr-CoV-Rp3 a bat virus related to SARS phd thesis on china, and one test for SARS-CoV
The Investment Thesis For China With Jason Hsu
, time: 20:54
Jun 04, · A Chinese PhD Thesis Sheds Important New Light On The Origin of the COVID Coronavirus. by Jonathan Latham – Allison Wilson. Photograph Source: Charles Hutchins – CC BY One of the very 1. PhD Thesis Proposal Form China Scholarship Council (CSC) CHEMISTRY – CHEMICAL BIOLOGY. Thesis title: Enzyme-responsive probes releasing a fluorescent precipitate PhD Study in China – A Guide for As the world’s second largest economy, it’s no surprise that China also possesses a rapidly developing higher education system. This is reflected in excellent opportunities for international PhD students. China is a key member of the BRICS group of countries with fast-growing economies (Brazil, Russia, India, China and South Africa) and is home to some of the
No comments:
Post a Comment